In the aspect of supporting merchant marine , the u . s . experienced a process from " little support " to " full support " , and at last to " full and thorough support " . the u . s . has adopted policies of construction differential subsidy , operating differential subsidy , cabotage reservation , cargo reservation , preferential taxes , and financing bond by the government , and many other forms 在商船隊扶持方面,美國經(jīng)歷了由不重視扶持到全面扶持、再從全面扶持到將扶持貫徹到底的過程;先后采用了造船補貼政策、營運補貼政策、沿海運輸權(quán)保留政策、貨載保留政策、稅收優(yōu)惠政策、以及由政府提供融資擔保等各種形式的扶持方法。